I monitor a number of RV forums and when I see someone asking about tires, I make the effort to learn about the problem and offer solutions, if possible.
Recently there was a question on inflation for both the tow vehicle and the travel trailer. The comments seemed to be all over the place, so I decided there was a need for some basic foundation of information. Following is my reply and attempt to provide the basic information needed by RV owners.
Tow vehicle (TV)
Tire size, type and inflation should go by the Certification Sticker on the driver door jamb. This was established by a team of tire and vehicle suspension engineers over a period of two to four years. There were numerous changes and tests run on different specification and performance parameters that were fine-tuned to meet the goals of the vehicle design team. The sticker provides a recommended inflation that normally delivers 25% to 35% Reserve Load, so those numbers should be followed unless you have done a lot of research and understand the trade-offs. Do not forget that few people in the tire store have technical training beyond how to sell tires, so I would be careful with the information they provide.
Travel trailers (TT)
Tires for almost all RV trailers have a single spec—that being Low Cost. I have never heard of any vehicle testing or evaluation that compares different tire constructions or ratings for the application of a tire to the travel trailer.
To achieve low cost, tires are only required to meet a single requirement: that they meet the minimum load capacity specification needed to support the RV. In 2017, the RV Industry Association (RVIA) established a Reserve Load of 10%, but for RVs built before 2017 there was no Reserve Load requirement.
Those of you who have read the owner's manual and reviewed the Certification Label information and the Load and Inflation information molded on the tire sidewall may have noted that for most RV applications, you can only achieve the tire's 10% Reserve Load capacity when inflated to the level required for the maximum load capacity.
Yes, this basically means you must run the max inflation for the tire's Load Range if you want to have the minimum margin of Reserve Load recommended by the RV Industry Association.
Tire type nomenclature
In the subject post there was some confusion about the Michelin "LTX" line. One poster thought this was some special "Hybrid" type of tire, so I feel the need to clarify tire "TYPE" nomenclature.
The letters before the numbers in the tire size are critical and important but too often people seem to ignore that important info. The P is for Passenger, LT is Light Truck, and ST is Special Trailer. ST should only be used on trailers and are not approved for use on motor vehicles that carry people. if a P type is applied to a trailer, its load capacity MUST be reduced by dividing the load capacity stated on the tire or in the Load & Inflation tables by 1.10. But if an LT tire is applied to a trailer no reduction in load capacity is required.
Eventually, the following information was added to the Forum thread:
------------------ Steer Axle ---Drive Axle --- Trailer
Weight #1 - Truck only/hitch/bars -- 3180 3520
Weight #2 - Truck and Trailer with WDH bars -- 2980 4320 4880
Side note: The owner had previously stated the TV GVWR was 6500, so his scale reading on the initial weighing seems to exceed his GVWR !
I am assuming the "Trailer" scale was for the four tires on the RV. If so, it sounds like the trailer was empty when he did the weighing.
In the thread, I also saw a comment about Michelin tires. The owner said:
It was helpful to learn of both the Michelin "hybrid" LTX and the Cooper XL alternatives to LT tires although when I looked up the Michelin LTX I saw that it comes in A/T and A/S versions ... even more confusion ... is the A/S the "hybrid" and the A/T the real LT??
My response
I'm not sure what you mean by "Hybrid". Michelin has a "line" of tires it calls "LTX"— this includes both passenger type and LT type tires. Think of this as with General Motors, which has a "line" of cars called Chevrolet with many type vehicles from sedans to SUV and pickups.
In my post I covered the three basic families of consumer tires: Passenger, Light Truck and Special Trailer. Each "family" has many different sizes and many different tread patterns, like the A/T, that is a traction tread pattern, and the A/S which is All Season and provides less off road or snow traction.
Load Capacity
There are also within each family different levels of Load Capacity.
P type "family" tires come in "Standard Load", that has no special markings, and also XL for Extra Load.
LT and ST "families" have greater load capacities, so they have letters assigned to the "Load Range", or LR for short, with the different LR having letters starting at C, D, E and on up in some brands. Each letter has a specific maximum load capacity at a specific inflation. The load capacity is published in tables available in some owner's manuals or tire data books, or even on the internet.
All of the above applies to tires made to U.S. Tire & Rim Association standards. Europe has some similar but different standards with different codes, as does Asia. I will not go into those standards, as I probably have already overloaded you with the above.
Clearly, the owner of the truck and trailer needs to learn more facts about tires and proper loading of his TV truck.
